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Demo: Focus order & reading order

Keyboard tab order and screen reader reading order follow the DOM, not your CSS layout. If your visuals don’t match the DOM, some people experience the UI as “jumping around.”

Try it

Use Tab to move focus through the controls. Toggle the modes and notice whether the visual order matches the focus order.

Mode: mismatch

Tile 1 DOM #1

Action:

Tile 2 DOM #2

Action:

Tile 3 DOM #3

Action:

What “mismatch” means

Bad pattern: using CSS order (flex) or manual grid placement to change the visual order while leaving the DOM order different. Keyboard focus will follow DOM order, so focus may jump visually.

Good pattern: keep DOM order aligned with the meaningful visual order. If you must change layout responsively, reflow using CSS that preserves order (e.g., different columns) rather than reordering items.

Extra note: screen readers also follow DOM order. “Reading order” problems show up in linear navigation even when you’re not using a keyboard.

Article: Focus order & reading order checklist